Riprap Design Basics: Stone Size, Filter Layer and Placement
Riprap stability depends on stone size, durability and the filter layer. Learn how flow velocity relates to stone weight, what the filter does and how to place it.

Riprap
Heavy stone armour protecting slopes, shorelines and the footings of water structures.
Sized by design
Riprap is a layer of large stones that resists erosion from water flow and waves. Stone size and weight are designed from the flow velocity or wave height.
Suitable graded stones placed on a filter layer stop the underlying soil washing out.
| Method | Test |
|---|---|
| ASTM C88 | Sulfate soundness |
| ASTM C127 / C128 | Density and water absorption |
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Riprap stability depends on stone size, durability and the filter layer. Learn how flow velocity relates to stone weight, what the filter does and how to place it.
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